Standard input

To read from the standard input, Java provides the Scanner class. Kotlin offers two main ways to read from the standard input: the Scanner class, similar to Java, and the readln() function.

Read from the standard input with Java Scanner

In Java, the standard input is typically accessed through the System.in object. You need to import the Scanner class, create an object, and use methods like .nextLine() and .nextInt() to read different data types:

//Java implementation
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        // Reads a single line of input. For example: Hi there!
        System.out.print("Enter a line: ");
        String line = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("You entered: " + line);
        // You entered: Hi there!

        // Reads an integer. For example: 08081990
        System.out.print("Enter an integer: ");
        int number = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.println("You entered: " + number);
        // You entered: 08081990

        scanner.close();
    }
}

Use Java Scanner in Kotlin

Due to Kotlin's interoperability with Java libraries, you can access Java Scanner from Kotlin code out of the box.

To use Java Scanner in Kotlin, you need to import the Scanner class and initialize it by passing a System.in object that represents the standard input stream and dictates how to read the data. You can use the available reading methods for reading values different from strings, such as .nextLine(), .next(), and .nextInt():

// Imports Java Scanner
import java.util.Scanner

fun main() {
    // Initializes the Scanner
    val scanner = Scanner(System.`in`)

    // Reads a whole string line. For example: "Hello, Kotlin"
    val line = scanner.nextLine()
    print(line)
    // Hello, Kotlin

    // Reads a string. For example: "Hello"
    val string = scanner.next()
    print(string)
    // Hello

    // Reads a number. For example: 123
    val num = scanner.nextInt()
    print(num)
    // 123
}

Other useful methods for reading input with Java Scanner are .hasNext(), .useDelimiter(), and .close():

The .hasNext() method checks if there's more data available in the input. It returns the boolean value true if there are remaining elements to iterate and false if no more elements are left in the input.
The .useDelimiter() method sets the delimiter for reading input elements. The delimiter is whitespaces by default, but you can specify other characters. For example, .useDelimiter(",") reads the input elements separated by commas.
The .close() method closes the input stream associated with the Scanner, preventing further use of the Scanner for reading input.

Read from the standard input with readln()

In Kotlin, apart from the Java Scanner, you have the readln() function. It is the most straightforward way to read input. This function reads a line of text from the standard input and returns it as a string:

// Reads a string. For example: Charlotte
val name = readln()

// Reads a string and converts it into an integer. For example: 43
val age = readln().toInt()

println("Hello, $name! You are $age years old.")
// Hello, Charlotte! You are 43 years old.

For more information, see Read standard input.

Last modified: 26 十一月 2024